Building a Wood Gas Stove: An In-Depth Guide

Wood gas stoves are a valuable addition to any survival kit, whether for outdoor camping or emergency preparedness. Learning how to build one is a skill that can come in handy in various situations. In this guide, we will take a detailed look at the process of building a wood gas stove from scratch, including its components and steps involved.

Overview of a Wood Gas Stove

A wood gas stove produces a gas by burning wood at a high temperature, which is then used to cook or heat. The stove can be built using simple materials often found in the wild or at home. One of the key components is a metal drum, which serves as the main body of the stove. This guide will focus on the construction process using a metal drum as the core component.

Components of the Wood Gas Stove

1. Metal Drum

The metal drum serves as the foundation of the stove and is crucial for its structure and functionality. A 55-gallon drum is commonly used for this purpose due to its size and durability. It can be obtained from local recycling centers or garbage disposal sites.

2. Hinged Door

The hinged door is essential for controlling the amount of oxygen that reaches the fire. This helps regulate the production of wood gas and ensures a stable flame. The door can be made from metal sheets or even repurposed from another container.

3. Stove Pipe

The stove pipe acts as a channel for the smoke and gases to escape, preventing the build-up of harmful fumes inside the enclosure. It should be long enough to direct the gases away from the door and into a safe area.

4. Air Throttle

The air throttle helps control the flow of air into the fire, which in turn controls the temperature and efficiency of the stove. It can be adjusted to increase or decrease the gas production as needed.

5. Damper

The damper is used to regulate the flow of air to the fire, allowing you to adjust the heat output of the stove. It is crucial for maintaining a controlled and efficient cooking environment.

6. Legs and Grate

Sturdy legs and a grate are necessary to keep the stove off the ground and heat the cooking surface evenly. The grate can be made from metal rods or strips and placed inside the drum to ensure even distribution of heat.

7. Sand

Putting sand at the bottom of the drum helps prevent the metal from melting or burning through. The sand serves as an insulator and helps stabilize the stove.

8. Refractory Lining (Optional)

A refractory lining can be added inside the drum to further enhance its performance. This lining helps insulate the stove, making it more efficient and longer-lasting. It can be made from materials such as firebrick or refractory cement.

Step-by-Step Guide to Building a Wood Gas Stove

Step 1: Prepare the Metal Drum

Start by cleaning the metal drum thoroughly to remove any rust, dirt, or remaining contents. Drilling a hole near the top of the drum will serve as the exhaust vent. Make sure to weld the edges of the hole to prevent any gas from leaking.

Step 2: Install the Hinged Door

Attach the hinged door to the front of the metal drum. Use hinges made of metal to ensure durability. Drill holes in the door for the air throttle and damper. These holes should be positioned in such a way that they allow you to control the flow of oxygen to the fire.

Step 3: Set Up the Stove Pipe

Attach the stove pipe to the exhaust vent in the top of the metal drum. The pipe should be long enough to direct the gases away from the stove. Disconnecting the pipe from the drum prevents smoke and gas from accumulating inside.

Step 4: Install the Air Throttle and Damper

Attach the air throttle and damper to the sides of the metal drum. The air throttle should be positioned near the bottom of the drum, while the damper should be placed near the top. These components help regulate the flow of air and gases, ensuring a steady flame.

Step 5: Construct the Legs and Grate

Using metal rods or strips, construct sturdy legs to raise the stove off the ground. Attach a grate to the bottom of the drum to ensure even heat distribution. The grate should be placed at a height that allows you to place pots or pans on top of it comfortably.

Step 6: Add Sand to the Bottom

Pour sand into the bottom of the metal drum. This will act as an insulator and prevent the drum from melting or burning through. Make sure the sand is compacted to ensure even heat distribution.

Step 7: Consider Adding a Refractory Lining

If you want to improve the efficiency and longevity of your wood gas stove, consider adding a refractory lining. This lining will help insulate the stove, making it more efficient and safer to use.

Conclusion

Building a wood gas stove is a challenging but rewarding project that can provide a reliable heat source in various emergency situations. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can successfully construct a functional and efficient wood gas stove using simple materials. Remember to practice safety precautions and seek professional advice when necessary.

Keywords

wood gas stove, homemade stove, metal drum stove