Exploring the Architectural Features of a Church Sanctuary
Understanding the various components of a church sanctuary, such as the entrance, can help in appreciating its architectural beauty and significance. This article delves into the terminology used to describe different parts of a church, focusing on the narthex, chancel, and sanctuary.
What is the Entrance to a Church Called?
The entrance to a Church is commonly referred to as the doors or entrance. This term applies universally, with variations depending on the design of the church. In Latter-day Saints' chapels, there might be multiple entrances, often marked with compass points (e.g., West entrance). Some churches may have a small room inside the doors, known as a foyer, which serves as an introductory space for visitors.
The term narthex originates from the Greek language and is derived from the narthex rod, which was used by penitents working off their sins. In modern churches, this area has evolved into a large room for congregation gatherings, featuring restrooms and storage closets. Some churches may also refer to this space as an artium or vestibule.
While the entrance is a fundamental part of a church, its placement and design can vary significantly. In some cases, it is more accurately described as the assembly hall or cultural hall, especially if it is used for community events and social gatherings. The foyer is often seen as a transitional space leading into the main sanctuary.
Understanding the Front of a Church Sanctuary
The term "front" of the church sanctuary is somewhat ambiguous and can be interpreted in several ways. To clarify, we should first consider the facade of the entire building, which is a term used to describe the front fa?ade of any building.
Inside the main worship space, you may find yourself standing in the nave, which is the central aisle or area where congregants typically sit or stand. When you look towards the area where the preacher or priest is, you are facing the chancel. The chancel is a larger area that encompasses the altar and the area where the clergy sit, often referred to as the choir. The choir is where the singers may also sit, but it may also be located in a different part of the building.
Within the chancel, the immediate area surrounding the altar is called the sanctuary. In some churches, this term is used to describe the entire worship space, including the nave. This ambiguity can lead to confusion, but it is generally understood to be the area immediately surrounding the altar.
If you stand in the nave and look towards the altar, what is further away could be the retroquire or ambulatory. In Baptist churches, you might find a large baptismal font located further away. However, in most cases, you are likely to find only a wall, which is called the east wall, regardless of its direction, due to historical and liturgical reasons. If there is a semi-circular outward bulge in the east wall, it is called the apse.
Conclusion
Understanding the architectural features of a church sanctuary, including the narthex, chancel, and sanctuary, enriches our appreciation of the buildings and their historical and spiritual significance. Whether you are exploring a traditional church or a modern building, these terms provide a roadmap to navigating the space and its various components.