How to Determine the Ideal Amps for a Level 2 EV Charger
To understand how many amps you need for a level 2 charger, it's important to first grasp what a level 2 charger is and how it operates. Unlike the onboard chargers found in electric vehicles (EVs), level 2 chargers are meant to communicate with the vehicle to determine the amount of power available and negotiate the maximum amperage that the charger can supply.
Understanding Level 2 EV Chargers
Level 2 chargers are designed to provide a steady and significantly higher power output compared to level 1 chargers. They deliver alternating current (AC) at a higher voltage and current than a standard household outlet. This higher power can result in much faster charging times, making them a popular choice for home and public charging.
It's crucial to note that a level 2 charger is not the charger that's part of the EV itself. Instead, it's the hardware installed in your home or at a public charging station that is capable of delivering the higher power required. The charger interacts with the vehicle, allowing the vehicle to request a certain amount of power and receive it as needed.
Types of EV On-Board Chargers
The on-board charger in an EV is an important component that converts the high voltage AC from the level 2 charger into the DC that the battery requires. However, not all EV on-board chargers are the same; they vary in their capability to handle different amperage levels. Here's a breakdown of common amperage ratings for on-board chargers:
Pure EVs and plug-in hybrids with larger batteries often have on-board chargers capable of taking more than 20 amps. Smaller battery vehicles, such as plug-in hybrids with smaller batteries, may have on-board chargers that can only handle up to 20 amps.Choosing the Right Amps for Your Level 2 Charger
To ensure you have the right setup for your electric vehicle, you need to consider the amperage requirements of the on-board charger. The key is to find the intersection of the highest amperage available from your level 2 charger and the maximum amperage that your EV's on-board charger can handle.
Start by determining the maximum amperage that your EV can safely handle from its on-board charger. You can find this information in the vehicle's documentation or by consulting with the manufacturer. For example, if your vehicle's on-board charger can handle up to 20 amps at 240V, but your level 2 charger can deliver up to 30 amps, you should opt for the lower of the two numbers, which is 20 amps in this case.
Conclusion
In summary, the amperage requirements for your level 2 charger are dependent on both the charger's capabilities and the vehicle's on-board charger's limitations. By selecting a level 2 charger with an amperage rating that is lower than or equal to the highest amperage the vehicle can handle, you ensure maximum efficiency and safety during charging. Always consult your vehicle's manual or a professional to determine the ideal setup for your specific vehicle and charging needs.