How to Level a Deck with a Sloped Ground

When constructing or maintaining a deck, one of the most critical elements for a successful project is ensuring that the deck is level. This is especially important when dealing with a sloped ground. A sloping deck can lead to issues with drainage, structural integrity, and aesthetic appeal. Proper leveling ensures that the deck sits evenly and that rainwater and any excess moisture can drain away from the house.

Importance of Proper Drainage

Proper drainage is essential to prevent water issues such as rot, mold, and pests. A properly sloped deck typically has a 1/4 inch per foot slope away from the house. This means that for every foot you move horizontally, the deck dips by 1/4 inch towards the exterior. This slope ensures that rainwater and other liquids can flow away from the deck and towards the ground, reducing the risk of moisture accumulation and structural damage.

Addressing Substantial Sinking

If your deck is significantly sunken, it may be necessary to replace the deck posts or add a screw saddle that allows for height adjustments. Posts that are sinking indicate that the footings may be weak or too loosely packed. Replacing the posts provides a stable foundation and ensures that the deck remains level. Screw saddles, on the other hand, offer a temporary solution by allowing you to adjust the height without major structural modifications. However, it's important to note that such adjustments should be made carefully, as they may affect the overall stability of the deck.

Tools and Equipment for Leveling

One of the best ways to level a deck is to use a laser level, which can provide precise and easy measurements. A laser level can cost around $200 but delivers excellent results. Here's how to use it effectively:

The Laser Level Setup

A laser level consists of a swivel base that can be mounted on a tripod or directly on the floor. The swivel base has adjustable feet, a bubble level, and a laser beam. To set up the laser level, follow these steps:

Attach the laser level to a stable tripod or mount it on a flat surface. Position the laser level where the beam can be scanned over the entire deck surface. Calibrate the level to ensure that the bubble is centered. Adjust the swivel base until the beam is level across the deck surface.

Once set up, the laser beam provides a visual reference for leveling the deck. Measure the distance from the laser beam to the tops of the footings to ensure that the deck is level. If discrepancies are found, make adjustments as necessary.

Using the Laser Level for Precise Measurements

To measure the deck's slope using the laser level:

Place a laser dot on the highest point of the deck. Measure the distance from the laser dot to the ground at the lowest point. Calculate the slope by dividing the difference in height by the horizontal distance. Ensure that the slope is consistent throughout the deck.

For best results, have good and experienced assistance during the measurement and adjustment process. A level deck not only looks better but also ensures that it functions correctly, providing a safe and comfortable outdoor living space.

Conclusion

Leveling a deck with a sloped ground is a critical step in deck construction and maintenance. Ensuring proper drainage, stability, and aesthetic appeal can be achieved by following these guidelines and using the right tools. A laser level is an invaluable tool for ensuring that your deck is perfectly level, making your outdoor space enjoyable and functional for years to come.