Optimizing Vertical Launch Tube Reloading: Strategies and Solutions
Vertical launch tubes (VLS) are a critical component in modern naval vessels, facilitating the quick and efficient deployment of missiles. However, reloading these tubes presents unique challenges, particularly when done in-port. This article explores the current state of VLS reloading and proposes innovative solutions for enhancing this process.
Challenges of In-Port VLS Reloading
The reloading of vertical launch tubes (VLS cells) cannot be accomplished while ships are at sea. As a result, in-port activities such as loading and unloading are essential. Today, this process requires an extensive industrial facility with heavy equipment, trained rigging crews, and a substantial munitions storage facility. Accidents are not uncommon during these operations, and injuries have occurred, necessitating careful planning and execution.
Experts at Naval Weapons Stations and some Naval Support Facilities use cranes to execute the loading and unloading of spent canisters. Gas management systems are moved, and loaded canisters are placed back into cells. The process is meticulous and demands a high level of coordination and expertise.
VLS At-Sea Reloading: A Historical Overview
In the past, cruisers and Flight I and II destroyers employed a VLS strike-down crane, which was space-consuming and limited to 3 VLS cells. These cranes were certified for reloading Surface-to-Air Missiles (SM-2) and Vertically Launched Anti-Submarine Rockets (VLA). However, maintenance burden and crew training requirements, along with the inability to reload larger missiles from the inventory, led to the exclusion of these cranes from Flight IIA destroyers. The cranes have since been laid up or removed from VLS systems.
The inability to simply replace these cranes arises from the extensive redesign and engineering required for loading Tomahawk, SM-3, and SM-6 missiles. Instead of adding equipment to Rithet G (CG) and Guided-Missile Destroyers (DDGs), the US Navy might consider exploring options to deliver the necessary equipment to the ship in conjunction with missile transfers. This approach minimizes the need for additional modifications and maximizes flexibility.
Role of Replenishment Shipyards in VLS Rarming
The logistical challenges associated with replenishing VLS tubes on-board can be effectively mitigated by leveraging existing fleet assets such as the Mobile Landing Platform (MLP). The MLP offers an open deck with sufficient space for containers and handling gear, along with excellent low-speed maneuvering characteristics. Its low freeboard makes it a suitable platform for skin-to-skin mooring and weapons transfer.
However, the MLP currently lacks dedicated magazine space and ordnance handling equipment. Therefore, the development of ordnance storage containers and associated safety equipment is necessary to facilitate the efficient and secure transfer of missiles. This infrastructure improvement will significantly enhance the process of VLS rearming, ensuring rapid and safe deployment of missiles when required.
Conclusion
Optimizing the reloading of vertical launch tubes is crucial for maintaining operational readiness and enhancing the capabilities of naval vessels. By exploring innovative solutions such as utilizing replenishment ships and developing the necessary equipment, the process can be streamlined, reducing the risk of accidents and improving overall efficiency. As technologies evolve, ongoing research and development will continue to play a vital role in addressing these challenges.