Placement of Tankless Water Heaters: Inside or Outside?
When considering the installation of a tankless water heater, one of the most common questions that arises is whether it needs to be placed on an outside wall. This article aims to clarify the requirements and benefits of tankless water heater placement, focusing on the differences between gas and electric units.
The Importance of Combustion Air for Tankless Water Heaters
First and foremost, it is important to understand the role that combustion air plays in the functionality of tankless water heaters. These units, whether gas or electric, require sufficient air for proper operation. For gas-fired tankless heaters, obtaining sufficient combustion air is often a challenge, leading many to consider exterior wall installation.
Gas-Fired Tankless Water Heaters: Installation Requirements
Gas-fired tankless heaters typically require direct access to the exterior of the building, essential for proper ventilation. This is due to the combustion process, which requires fresh air for both burning and to expel fumes. Depending on the specific design of the heater and the availability of ducting for additional ventilation, it might be possible to install it indoors as long as the ducting requirements are met.
However, the idea of placing a gas-fired water heater on an outside wall is generally favored for several reasons. Firstly, it minimizes the risk of theft or vandalism. Secondly, it simplifies the process of obtaining the necessary combustion air, ensuring that the unit operates safely and efficiently. It is also worth noting that some gas-fired tankless heaters are designed to handle freezing temperatures by incorporating antifreeze or other protection measures, making outdoor installation more feasible.
Electric Tankless Water Heaters: Versatile Placement Options
In contrast, electric tankless water heaters do not require any external supply of combustion air. They can be installed entirely indoors without any significant limitations. This flexibility means that electric tankless heaters can be placed in various locations, such as closets, utility rooms, or even against an interior wall. A key advantage of electric tankless heaters is their ease of installation and maintenance, as well as their consistent performance regardless of external conditions.
Should You Install on an Exterior Wall?
The simple answer is that the heater needs to be vented to the outside of the building. For gas-fired units, this is nearly always achieved by placing the heater on an exterior wall, as this ensures that it has direct access to the necessary ventilation. However, for electric tankless heaters, the answer is more flexible. They can be placed anywhere where they won’t freeze in winter, such as a garage or a basement, provided they are properly insulated.
Practical Considerations for Electric Tankless Water Heaters
While electric tankless water heaters offer more flexibility, it’s important to consider the environmental conditions. If you live in a region with extremely cold winters, you may need to choose a model with built-in freeze protection or ensure that the installation area is sufficiently insulated. Additionally, the placement should be convenient for maintenance and access to plumbing connections.
Conclusion
Whether you opt to install a gas-fired or an electric tankless water heater, the choice largely depends on your specific needs and local regulations. Gas-fired units typically require exterior installation due to their combustion requirements, while electric units offer more flexibility. Regardless of the type of unit you choose, ensuring that it is properly installed and maintained is crucial for optimal performance and safety.