Replacing Old Pipes in Old Houses: A Comprehensive Guide
When it comes to home maintenance, the old adage 'if it ain't broke, don't fix it' often comes into play. However, many homeowners and contractors face the dilemma of whether or not to replace old pipes in their homes before they start to fail. This article will explore the advantages and disadvantages of preventative maintenance versus reactive repairs, with a particular focus on the unique challenges of old houses.
Preventative Maintenance vs. Reactive Repairs
The decision to replace old pipes in an old house is largely a choice between preventative maintenance and reactive repairs. Preventative maintenance involves replacing old pipes while they are still functioning, in order to avoid future issues. On the other hand, reactive repairs involve replacing pipes only when they fail, which can be more costly and disruptive.
As a professional in the field, I advocate for regular maintenance and believe in solving potential problems before they arise. Preventative maintenance offers peace of mind and can prevent costly and disruptive repairs in the future. However, it is essential to ensure that new replacements do not come with their own set of issues. Just because something is new does not mean it will work better or be maintenance-free.
Galvanized Iron Pipes and Their Challenges
Galvanized iron pipes, which are common in older homes, present unique challenges. While these pipes are durable and corrosion-resistant when new, they tend to occlude or clog over time. The protective galvanizing layer can erode, leading to leaks and reduced water flow. When these pipes become clogged or start to leak, they may need to be replaced.
Iron water pipes should be replaced whenever the opportunity arises, as they can pose long-term maintenance issues. However, it is essential to ensure that the replacement pipes are of high quality and appropriately positioned to maximize water flow. In one instance, I had to replace several "fouled" galvanized iron pipes in an old house. The issue turned out to be not the pipes themselves, but a combination of small pipe size and excessive elbows and bends. The flow problem was also associated with an unconventional water source, such as a well.
While it is important to address these issues, it is equally crucial to ensure that the pipes are replaced with high-quality materials to prevent future problems. For example, instead of galvanized iron, consider using PEX plastic pipes, which are known for their durability and ease of installation. In my own experience, I faced challenges when replacing old iron pipes under the house, but the use of PEX plastic pipes ultimately resolved the flow issue and provided better water pressure.
Electrical Safety Considerations
In addition to practical considerations, it is crucial to address the electrical safety requirements of old house plumbing. According to the National Electrical Code (NEC), all exposed metal surfaces that could become electrified must be wired together and connected to ground. This includes metal water pipes, which are connected to the ground/neutral bus of the service panel where the meter is located, and to the earth via a ground rod.
Replacing old metal pipes with plastic ones can disrupt this electrical continuity. Therefore, whenever you replace metal pipes with plastic ones, you must use wire and clamps to bridge any electrical gaps and restore continuity. This is especially important for sinks and faucets, as well as for gas pipes, which are also made of iron and never galvanized.
Conclusion
In conclusion, replacing old pipes in old houses should be done with careful consideration of both practical and safety concerns. While preventative maintenance can provide peace of mind and prevent future issues, it is essential to ensure that new materials do not introduce additional problems. Understanding the unique challenges of old house plumbing, such as galvanized iron pipes and electrical safety requirements, can help homeowners make well-informed decisions and maintain the integrity and safety of their homes.