Rules for Writing Number Words in English: A Comprehensive Guide

Writing numbers correctly in English can enhance the clarity and readability of your text. This guide covers important rules and conventions to follow, ensuring your writing meets the standards of professional and academic communication.

General Guidelines for Writing Number Words in English

When writing numbers in English, there are specific rules and conventions that you should follow to maintain clarity and consistency. Here are the key guidelines:

Write out single-digit numbers and 'ten'. Always spell out numbers from one to nine, as well as the number ten. For example, write 'one', 'two', 'ten', but use numerals for '11', '12', etc. Avoid using spelled number multipliers with numerical figures. For instance, write 'thirty-four thousand' instead of 'thirty-four 1000'. However, use numerals for part of a number such as '500s'.
Example: 'thirty-four thousand AND 123'
[Source: Purdue University] Do not use '1000s' as a numeral. Instead of '1000s', use the spelled form such as 'thousand'.
Example: 'three thousand not 3000s' Do not use numerals as homophones for words. Avoid writing numerals like 'B4' to mean 'before'.
Example: 'Wipe feet BEFORE entering'

Specific Rules for Different Number Ranges

The rules for writing numbers vary depending on the range and the style guide you are using. Here are specific rules for different number ranges and style conventions:

Numbers from zero to nine should always be spelled out. For instance, write 'three hundred', 'eighteen', 'forty-four', and 'two million twenty-two'.
Example: 'one thousand eighteen', 'one hundred forty-four', 'two million twenty-two' Consider spelling numbers between zero and one hundred for increased readability. Some style guides recommend spelling out numbers within this range to improve clarity. For example, write 'ninety-two' instead of '92'.
Source: Purdue University Round numbers in the hundreds, thousands, hundred thousands, and millions should be spelled out. This includes numbers such as 'eighty-five thousand' or 'two hundred thirty-four million'.
Source: Purdue University Do not use numerals to start a sentence. Starting a sentence with a numeral is generally discouraged. Always begin with a word form. For example, change '5000 pages' to 'five thousand pages'.
Source: Purdue University Currency symbols like (pound) should be followed by numerals. When writing amounts of money, the symbol like should be followed by the numeral. For example, write '￡5.15'.
Example: '￡5.15'

Style Conventions and References

Style guides such as APA, Chicago, and MLA provide specific rules for writing numbers in English. Be sure to consult the appropriate manual for your needs:

APA (American Psychological Association): APA Format for Numbers Chicago Manual of Style: Chicago Manual of Style MLA (Modern Language Association): MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers

Conclusion

Properly writing number words in English can significantly enhance the clarity and professionalism of your writing. By following the guidelines outlined in this guide and consulting appropriate style guides, you can ensure your writing is both clear and grammatically sound. Remember, consistency is key in maintaining professionalism in all written communications.