The Misperception of Mortar Precision: Debunking the Myth
Introduction
As an 81mm mortar section leader and platoon sergeant, I have firsthand experience with the capabilities and limitations of these versatile weapons. Commonly perceived as non-precision ordinance, the 81mm mortar is often mistaken for an area weapon devoid of any exactitude. However, the line between area and precision weapons is not as clear-cut as some believe. Let’s delve into the nuanced aspects of mortar precision, exploring how advancements in technology are redefining perceptions.
The Reality of Mortar Use
(1) The Myth of Randomness
A frequent misconception about mortars is that they lack precision, primarily because they are seen as area weapons. In reality, the unpredictable nature of the mortar rounds’ impact stems from the limitations of the weapon itself, such as the need for a clear firing line and wind resistance. Even in the dense fog of war, experienced operators can achieve remarkable results.
(2) The Role of Training and Experience
The expertise of mortar operators and the terrain in which the weapon is used also play a significant role in the overall effectiveness of mortars. Precision can be significantly enhanced with proper training, which often includes live-fire exercises and decision-making in complex battlefield scenarios. Experienced mortar crew members can achieve a high degree of accuracy, especially in specific engagements requiring precise strikes.
Advancements in Mortar Precision
(1) Modern Mortar Systems
Modern advancements in mortar technology have introduced a range of precision features. These include electronic fuze sensors, improved range finding systems, and even GPS-guided ammunition. The M252 81mm mortar, for example, is equipped with a navigation system that can achieve incredibly precise targeting, significantly reducing the reliance on traditional area strikes.
(2) Navigational Aids
The integration of navigational aids, such as GPS and advanced rangefinders, has played a crucial role in enhancing the accuracy of mortars. These technologies allow operators to triangulate positions and target more precisely, even in challenging environments. This has revolutionized the way mortars are used, making them a more versatile and effective tool on the modern battlefield.
Operational Examples
(1) The Gulf War
During the Gulf War, mortars were essential in breaking up enemy advances. However, their use was not limited to area destruction. Experienced operators managed to achieve precise strikes on specific targets, demonstrating the potential for mortar accuracy when combined with proper training and technology.
(2) Afghanistan Campaign
In the Afghan conflict, the integration of modern mortar systems and navigational aids has been pivotal. Instead of relying on area strikes, operators have leveraged precise targeting to neutralize key targets, such as command and control nodes and mortar positions. This strategy has led to significant improvements in mission success rates.
Conclusion
The notion that mortars are purely area weapons is a misrepresentation of their true capabilities. With advancements in technology and the dedication of experienced operators, mortars can achieve a level of precision that once seemed beyond their reach. Whether in historical conflicts or modern warfare, the versatility of these weapons has been enhanced by evolving technologies, paving the way for more effective and precise engagements.