Thickening or Jointing: Can a Thickness Planer Serve as a Jointer?

In woodworking, achieving the right flatness and straightness in your boards is paramount. A thickness planer is primarily designed to reduce the thickness of wood while smoothing out its surface, while a jointer is specifically designed to achieve a smooth and straight edge on a board's face. Understanding the differences and when it's feasible to use a thickness planer as a jointer can save time and effort. This article explores the possibilities and limitations of using a thickness planer as a substitute for a jointer.

Understanding the Differences

A thickness planer has shorter infeed and outfeed tables, which limits its ability to create long, straight edges. It is best suited for reducing thickness and smoothing the surface of wood. On the other hand, a jointer is specifically designed to flatten a board and create straight edges along its length. A jointer has a larger table area and is typically stationary, allowing for the processing of larger pieces of wood.

Using a Thickness Planer as a Jointer

While it is possible to use a thickness planer as a jointer with some techniques, it is not recommended for several reasons:

Accuracy: A jointer ensures a more accurate and consistent flat surface and edge alignment. A thickness planer, even with guides, may not achieve the same level of precision. Handling Larger Boards: Jointers are better suited for larger boards, allowing you to work with wider pieces of lumber. Efficiency: Dedicated tools are designed specifically for their intended purpose, which often makes them more efficient and easier to use.

Despite these limitations, there are creative setups and jigs that can help you approximate the function of a jointer. One common method involves attaching a straight-edged guide board to the workpiece, which serves as a reference surface against the planer's fence. By feeding the workpiece through the planer with the guide board against the fence, you can achieve straight and parallel edges. However, this method requires careful setup and alignment to avoid issues such as snipe (a projecting edge along the side of a cut surface).

Combination Jointer/Planer Tools

For those looking for a more integrated solution, there are combination jointer/planer tools that offer both functions in a single cabinet and are powered by the same motor. These tools provide the benefits of both devices in one setup, making them a valuable investment for woodworkers who frequently require both functionalities.

First, Get a Jointer

Even a small benchtop model can significantly improve the quality of your woodworking projects. A jointer is essential for creating flat surfaces and straight edges, which are critical for many woodworking tasks. Many home woodworkers skip a jointer, leading to poor quality results. Once you have a jointer, you can use a thickness planer to achieve the desired thickness.

Woodworking Tools: Thickness Planer vs. Jointer

A thickness planer, also known as a jointer/thickness planer, is a versatile tool that is essential for many woodworking projects. It is used to smooth and reduce the thickness of rough lumber, making it easier to work with. Here are some key points to consider:

Functionality: A thickness planer is designed to accurately reduce the thickness of wood and smooth its surface. Adjustability: Many models allow for precise thickness settings, making it easier to achieve the desired dimensions. Usability: Due to its infeed and outfeed tables, a thickness planer is well-suited for maintaining consistent thickness while working on projects.

A jointer, on the other hand, is specifically designed to flatten the surface of a board and create a straight edge. While a floor-mounted stationary jointer is preferred for larger pieces, a benchtop jointer can be equally effective for smaller boards. The key is to ensure the jointer is in good condition and maintaining proper alignment and blade changes.

Final Thoughts

While a thickness planer can serve as a substitute for a jointer in certain situations, it is not a perfect replacement. A dedicated jointer is essential for achieving accurate and consistent flat surfaces and straight edges. For those looking to save space or cost, combination jointer/thickness planer tools offer a convenient solution. However, for the best woodworking outcomes, investing in a dedicated jointer and thickness planer will yield the most consistent and precise results.