Trail Braking: The Technique of Smooth and Controlled Turns on Motorcycles
Motorcyclists, both experienced and novice, often debate the practice of trail braking during turns. Trail braking refers to the technique of lightly using the brakes while initiating a turn, as opposed to coming to a full stop. This method has been widely used by professional racers and is beneficial for maintaining maximum control during sharp curves.
During trail braking, you can use the brakes to slow down and maintain the bike's power, allowing for a smoother transition into the turn. This technique is not exclusive to motorcycles; it is also used in automobiles to maintain control and avoid excessive lean while navigating a curve. Experienced road racers and canyon riders often employ this method, as it allows for better control and reduces the risk of losing traction.
Benefits of Trail Braking
Trail braking offers several advantages:
Maximum Control: By maintaining control of the brakes, motorcyclists can more easily manage their speed and entry into a turn. Smooth Entry: Slowing down gradually before a turn can help maintain a smoother entry, requiring less braking in tight corners. Avoidance of Abrupt Deceleration: Abruptly braking before a turn can lead to diminished control and a higher risk of losing traction, resulting in a potential crash. Improved Cornering: Proper trail braking allows for more controlled and precise cornering, maximizing the bike's performance.The Physics Behind Trail Braking
The practice of trail braking relies heavily on the principles of physics. Since sharper turns typically require lower speeds, the bike naturally needs to be more upright to maintain stability. At lower speeds, gravity can overpower the centrifugal force, causing the bike to tip over. However, at higher speeds, the combination of centrifugal force and gravity allows the bike to lean more effectively, enabling better cornering.
The design of the motorcycle's tires also plays a crucial role. When leaning, the tire’s profile changes, allowing it to provide more stability and grip during turns. This design feature, combined with proper speed management, means that trail braking can be both effective and safe, provided that the rider is experienced and knowledgeable about proper cornering techniques.
Correcting Speed Management
Proper trail braking relies on the rider's ability to gauge the appropriate speed for the turn. By smoothly reducing speed before the turn, riders can ensure they do not need to hastily brake while in the corner. This demonstrates a highly experienced rider who has correctly assessed the road conditions and appropriate speed for the turn. Abrupt braking in a corner can lead to a loss of traction and a potential crash, as it disrupts the balance and stability of the bike.
It is important to note that trails and biking styles can vary greatly. Some riders and bikes are more prone to leaning than others, and sport bikes often allow for more aggressive lean angles compared to cruisers or street bikes. However, this does not imply that either style is inherently wrong or more dangerous than the other. Instead, it highlights the importance of individual rider skill and adaptability to different biking conditions.
In conclusion, trail braking is a valuable technique that can enhance a rider's control and safety during turns. It is essential for both experienced and novice riders to practice and understand this technique to achieve optimal cornering. By maintaining the right speed and employing smooth braking techniques, motorcyclists can enjoy a safer and more enjoyable ride. Whether you are a professional racer or a casual canyon rider, mastering trail braking can significantly improve your riding experience.