Using a Water Fire Extinguisher on Flammable Liquids: Safety Tips and Alternatives
It is crucial to understand the appropriate use of fire extinguishers to ensure safety in case of emergencies. While water fire extinguishers are effective for many types of fires, they are not suitable for fires involving flammable liquids. Using a water fire extinguisher on flammable liquids can worsen the situation. Instead, it is essential to use an appropriate Class B fire extinguisher designed for tackling fires involving flammable liquids.
Water Extinguishers vs. Class B Extinguishers
Water fire extinguishers are not recommended for fires involving flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, and solvents. The primary reason is that water can spread the fire or cause the burning liquid to splash, exacerbating the situation.
In contrast, Class B fire extinguishers are specifically designed to combat fires involving flammable liquids. These extinguishers often contain foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide, which effectively smother the fire without spreading it. By understanding the differences between water and Class B fire extinguishers, you can better choose the appropriate tool for the job.
How to Use Water Effectively Against Flammable Liquids
Water can play a role in tackling flammable liquid fires, but it requires proper technique and training. In the hands of a trained professional, water can be used to put out most liquid fires. However, this method is risky and difficult to master, especially for very light flammable liquids like gasoline and polar solvents like alcohols.
General advice is to avoid using water unless you are certain of the fire type and are skilled in its use. Improper use of water on flammable liquid fires can result in fatal consequences. It is always safer to use a Class B fire extinguisher, which is specifically designed for this type of fire.
Risks of Using Water on Electrical and Flammable Metal Fires
Water fire extinguishers are not suitable for electrical fires due to the risk of electrocution. Water is a good conductor of electricity, making it hazardous to use on electrical fires. Additionally, they are not suitable for flammable metal fires as the water will not effectively extinguish the fire and can pose additional dangers.
Understanding the Specificity of Flammable Liquids
The effectiveness of water in tackling flammable liquid fires depends on the specific liquid. If the liquid is one that readily mixes with water, such as certain alcohols, water may work. However, if the liquid is oil, vegetable, animal, or petroleum-based, water will not extinguish the fire and will likely make the situation worse by spreading the flammable liquid.
For such cases, it is best to use an ABC-type extinguisher, which is suitable for various types of fires, including those involving flammable liquids.
Consequences of Using Water on Flammable Liquids
Flammable liquids are less dense than water, and when water is used, it settles under the liquid layer. This can cause the flammable liquid to spread further and farther. In addition, the water can get under the burning liquid and turn into steam, spreading the flammable substance.
The best approach is to cover the fire with a lid or use a dry extinguishing agent such as sand, dirt, baking soda, or other appropriate materials. If water is the only resource available, it may be better to use it on non-liquid combustibles in the area to prevent the fire from spreading further.